Izihlungi ze-Passive Band Pass
Izihlungi ze-Passive Band Passingenziwa ngokuxhuma ndawonye isihlungi se-low pass nesihlungi sokudlula okuphezulu
Isihlungi se-Passive Band Pass singasetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa noma ukuhlunga amafrikhwensi athile angaphakathi kwebhendi ethile noma uhla lwamaza. I-cut-off frequency noma iphoyinti le-ƒc kusihlungi esilula se-RC singalawulwa ngokunembile kusetshenziswa isixhasi esisodwa nje ochungechungeni esine-non-polarized capacitor, futhi kuya ngokuthi zixhumeke ngayiphi indlela, sibonile ukuthi i-Low Pass noma isihlungi se-High Pass siyatholakala.
Ukusetshenziswa okulula kwalezi zinhlobo zezihlungi ze-passive kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-amplifier zomsindo noma amasekhethi njengezihlungi ze-crossover yesipikha noma izilawuli zethoni zangaphambili. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthi udlule kuphela ibanga elithile lamafrikhwensi angaqali ku-0Hz, (DC) noma aphele endaweni ethile ephezulu kodwa angaphakathi kwebanga elithile noma ibhande lamafrikhwensi, kungaba emincane noma ebanzi.
Ngokuxhuma noma "ukukhipha" ndawonye isekethe yesihlungi esisodwa se-Low Pass ngesekethe yesihlungi se-High Pass, singakhiqiza olunye uhlobo lwesihlungi se-RC esidlula ibanga elikhethiwe noma "ibhande" lamafrikhwensi angaba mncane noma abe banzi ngenkathi inciphisa bonke abangaphandle kwalolu banga. Lolu hlobo olusha lokuhlelwa kwesihlungi esingenzi lutho lukhiqiza isihlungi esikhetha imvamisa esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi Isihlungi Se-Band Pass noma i-BPF ngamafuphi.
Ngokungafani nesihlungi se-low pass esidlula kuphela amasiginali webanga lefrikhwensi ephansi noma isihlungi sokudlula okuphezulu esidlulisa amasiginali webanga lefrikhwensi ephezulu, Izihlungi ze-Band Pass zidlulisa amasignali ngaphakathi “kwebhendi” ethile noma “ukusakazwa” kwamafrikhwensi ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela isignali yokufaka noma ukwethulwa komsindo owengeziwe. Le bhendi yamafrikhwensi ingaba yinoma ibuphi ububanzi futhi ngokuvamile yaziwa ngokuthi i-Bandwidth yezihlungi.
Umkhawulokudonsa ngokuvamile uchazwa njengobubanzi befrikhwensi obukhona phakathi kwamaphoyinti okunqamula imvamisa amabili acacisiwe ( ƒc ), angu-3dB ngaphansi kwesikhungo esiphezulu noma isiqongo esinomsindo ngenkathi incipha noma yenza buthaka amanye ngaphandle kwalawa maphoyinti amabili.
Khona-ke kuma-frequencies asakazwa kabanzi, singavele sichaze igama elithi "bandwidth", i-BW njengomehluko phakathi kwe-frequency cut-off ephansi ( ƒcLOWER ) kanye namaphoyinti aphezulu wokusika ( ƒcHIGHER). Ngamanye amazwi, BW = ƒH – ƒL. Ngokusobala ukuze isihlungi sebhendi yokudlula sisebenze ngendlela efanele, imvamisa yokunqanyulwa kwesihlungi se-low pass kufanele ibe phezulu kune-cut-off frequency yesihlungi sokudlula okuphezulu.
Isihlungi se-Band Pass "esikahle" singasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlukanisa noma ukuhlunga amafrikhwensi athile angaphakathi kwebhendi ethile yamaza, isibonelo, ukukhansela umsindo. Izihlungi ze-band pass zaziwa ngokuvamile njengezihlungi ze-oda lesibili, (izigxobo ezimbili) ngoba zinengxenye "embili" esebenzayo, ama-capacitor, ngaphakathi komklamo wazo wesifunda. I-capacitor eyodwa ku-low pass circuit kanye nenye i-capacitor ku-high pass circuit.
I-Bode Plot noma ijika lokuphendula imvamisa ngenhla libonisa izici zesihlungi sokudlula ibhendi. Lapha isignali incishiswa kumaza aphansi ngokuphumayo okukhuphukayo ku-slope engu-+20dB/Decade (6dB/Octave) kuze kube yilapho ifrikhwensi ifika endaweni “yokunqamula okuphansi” ƒL. Kule frikhwensi i-voltage ephumayo iphinda ibe ngu-1/√2 = 70.7% yenani lesiginali yokufaka noma -3dB (20*log(VOUT/VIN)) okokufaka.
Okukhiphayo kuyaqhubeka ngenzuzo enkulu kuze kube yilapho kufinyelelwa endaweni “esikiwe ephezulu” ƒH lapho okukhiphayo kuncipha khona ngenani elingu -20dB/Decade (6dB/Octave) kuncishiswa noma imaphi amasiginali aphezulu. Iphuzu lenzuzo enkulu yokukhipha ngokuvamile liwukusho kwejiyomethri enani elingu-3dB phakathi kwamaphoyinti okusika aphansi nangaphezulu futhi libizwa ngokuthi “Isilinganiso Sesikhungo” noma “Inani Eliphakeme Elizwakalayo” ƒr. Lelivelu lencazelo yejiyomethri libalwa ngokuthi ƒr 2 = ƒ(UPPER) x ƒ(PHANSI).
Aisihlungi se-band passithathwa njengesihlungi sohlobo lwe-second-order (izigxobo ezimbili) ngenxa yokuthi sinezingxenye "ezimbili" ezisebenzayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sayo sokujikeleza, khona-ke i-engeli yesigaba izoba kabili kunezihlungi ze-oda lokuqala ezibonwe ngaphambilini, okungukuthi, i-180o. I-engeli yesigaba yesignali yokukhipha IHOLA leyo yokokufaka ngo-+90o ukuya phezulu ukuya enkabeni noma imvamisa yokukhala, ƒr iphoyinti uma iba amadigri angu-“ziro” (0o) noma “esigabeni” bese ishintshela ku-LAG okokufaka ngo--90o njengoba imvamisa yokuphuma ikhula.
Amaphoyinti okuvama okusikwa aphezulu naphansi wesihlungi se-band pass angatholwa kusetshenziswa ifomula efanayo naleyo yazo zombili izihlungi zokudlula eziphansi neziphezulu, Isibonelo.
Amayunithi eza ajwayelekile anezixhumi ze-SMA noma ze-N zesifazane, noma izixhumi ezingu-2.92mm, 2.40mm, nezingu-1.85mm zezingxenye zefrikhwensi ephezulu.
Singakwazi futhi ukwenza ngokwezifiso Isihlungi se-Band Pass ngokwezidingo zakho. Ungafaka ikhasi lokwenza ngokwezifiso ukuze unikeze imininingwane oyidingayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-06-2022
