• Ukuhlukanisa isignali ibe yizibonakaliso ezimbili ze-amplitude elinganayo kanye nomehluko wesigaba esingu-90° noma esingu-180° oqhubekayo.
• Kokuhlanganisa ama-quadrature noma ukwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-summation/differential.
Isingeniso
Ama-Coupler nama-hybrids amadivayisi lapho imigqa emibili yokudlulisela idlula khona eduze ngokwanele komunye nomunye ukuze kusabalale amandla emgqeni owodwa ukuze axhumane nomunye umugqa. I-3dB 90° noma i-180° hybrid ihlukanisa isignali yokufaka ibe yimiphumela emibili elinganayo ye-amplitude. I-directional coupler ivame ukuhlukanisa isignali yokufaka ibe yimiphumela emibili engalingani ye-amplitude. Leli gama elithi "directional coupler", "90° hybrid", kanye ne-180° hybrid" lisekelwe esivumelwaneni. Kodwa-ke, ama-hybrid angu-90° no-180° angacatshangwa njengama-directional coupler angu-3 dB. Naphezu kwalokhu kufana, amapharamitha asetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukugeleza kwesignali kuma-directional coupler kanye nokusetshenziswa, ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, kuhlukile ngokwanele ukuze kudingeke ukucatshangelwa okuhlukile.
Incazelo Yokusebenza Yama-hybrid angu-180°
I-hybrid engu-180° iyidivayisi enamachweba amane ephindaphindayo enikeza izimpawu ezimbili ezilinganayo ze-amplitude in-phase lapho iphakelwa kusuka ku-sum port yayo (S) kanye nezimpawu ezimbili ezilinganayo ze-amplitude 180° out-of-phase lapho iphakelwa kusuka ku-difference port yayo (D). Ngokuphambene nalokho, izimpawu ezifakwa kumachweba u-C no-D zizokwengeza ku-sum port (B) futhi umehluko wezibonakaliso ezimbili uzovela ku-difference port (A). Isibalo 1 siwumdwebo osebenzayo ozosetshenziswa kulesi sihloko ukumela i-180° hybrid. I-Port B ingabhekwa njenge-sum port kanti i-port A iyi-difference port. Amachweba u-A no-B kanye namachweba u-C no-D angama-port amabili ahlukene.
Ama-Hybrid angu-90° noma ama-couplers ahlanganisiwe ngokuyisisekelo angama-couplers aqondisayo angu-3 dB lapho isigaba sesignali yokukhipha ehlanganisiwe kanye nesignali yokukhipha kuqhelelene ngama-90°. Njengoba i--3 dB imelela amandla ayingxenye, i-coupler engu-3 dB ihlukanisa amandla ngokulinganayo (ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana okuthile) phakathi kwama-port okukhiphayo nama-port okukhiphayo ahlanganisiwe. Umehluko wesigaba esingu-90° phakathi kwama-outputs wenza ama-hybrid abe usizo ekwakhiweni kwama-attenuator aguquguqukayo ngogesi, ama-microwave mixers, ama-modulators kanye nezinye izingxenye eziningi ze-microwave kanye nezinhlelo. Isibalo 5 sibonisa umdwebo wesekethe kanye nethebula leqiniso elizosetshenziswa ekuchazeni ukusebenza kwe-RF frequency 90° hybrid. Njengoba kungabonakala kulo mdwebo, isignali esetshenziswa kunoma yikuphi ukufaka kuzoholela kumasignali amabili alinganayo e-amplitude angama-quadrature, noma angu-90°, angaphandle kwesigaba komunye nomunye. Ama-Ports A no-B kanye nama-Ports C no-D ahlukanisiwe. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili esigabeni se-hybrid esingu-180°, amadivayisi e-RF kanye nama-microwave frequency asebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokwakha. Nakuba izimpendulo zethiyori zifana, indawo ye-port kanye nomhlangano kuhlukile. Ngezansi, kuMfanekiso kukhona izinguqulo "eziwela phezu" kanye "nezingawela phezu" ezinikezwa amaza e-microwave (500 MHz nangaphezulu) kanye nethebula lamaqiniso elivelayo. Ama-hybrid angama-degree angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye abizwa nangokuthi ama-hybrid angama-quadrature ngoba isigaba semiphumela emibili sihlukanisiwe nge-quadrant (90°). Qaphela futhi ukuthi akwenzi mehluko ukuthi iyiphi i-port eyi-input port inqobo nje uma ubuhlobo phakathi kwama-port buhlala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-hybrid angama-90° alingana ngogesi nangomshini mayelana nama-X kanye nama-Y Axes.
I-Si Chuan Keenlion Microwave iwuhlu olukhulu lwebhuloho elihlanganisiwe le-3DB ekucushweni kwe-narrowband kanye ne-broadband, elimboza amaza asukela ku-0.5 kuya ku-50 GHz. Zenzelwe ukuphatha amandla okufaka angama-watts ayi-10 kuya kwangu-30 ohlelweni lokudlulisa olungama-ohm angu-50. Kusetshenziswa imiklamo ye-Microstrip noma ye-stripline, futhi ilungiselelwe ukusebenza kahle kakhulu.
Amayunithi eza nezixhumi ezijwayelekile ze-SMA noma ze-N zesifazane, noma izixhumi ezingu-2.92mm, 2.40mm, kanye ne-1.85mm zezingxenye zemvamisa ephezulu.
Singakwazi futhi ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-3DB Hybrid Bridge ngokwezidingo zakho. Ungangena ekhasini lokwenza ngokwezifiso ukuze unikeze imininingwane oyidingayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-09-2022
